A revision of the subspecies systematics of Parnassius honrathi Staudinger, 1882 (Lepidoptera: Pailionidae)

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33910/2686-9519-2026-18-3-1019-1049

Keywords:

Butterflies, Parnassians, Central Asia, distribution, taxonomy, subspecies

Abstract

Parnassius honrathi Staudinger, 1882 is a mid-mountainous endemic of the Pamir-Alai, Northern and Central Afghanistan, a species of beautiful Apollo-butterflies that requires protection. Despite a significant number of publications on this species, there has been confusion in the subspecific taxonomy until now. The reason for this was the lack of complete material from different regions. Analysis of literary data and many years of nature research allowed the authors to understand the taxonomy of Parnassius honrathi Staudinger and establish the following subspecies: ssp. honrathi Staudinger, ssp. tusovi Ju. L. et Ju. Ju. Stshetkin, ssp. kondarensis Ju. Ju Stshetkin, ssp. ernesti Bryk, ssp. chaiticus Ju. L. et Ju. Ju. Stshetkin, ssp. satohi Ohya, ssp. alburnus Stichel and ssp. afganistanus Eisner. For the first time, comparative differential diagnoses of all subspecies and their photographs are presented.

References

Литература

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Sakai, S. (1981) Butterflies of Afghanistan. Tokyo: Kodansha Publ., 272 p.

Sakai, S., Aoki, T., Yamaguchi, S. et al. (2002) The parnassiology. The Parnassius butterflies, a study in evolution. Tokyo: Kodansha Publ., 469 p.

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Sorimachi, Y. (1995) The Primer of Parnassius. Vol. 1. Saitama: [s. n.], 182 p.

Staudinger, O. (1892) Neue Arten und Varietäten von Lepidopteren des paläarktischen Faunengebietes. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift Iris, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 224–339.

Staudinger, O., Bang-Haas, A. (1882) Über einige neue Parnassius- und andere Tagfalter-Arten Central-Asiens. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 161–177.

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Tuzov, V. K. (1993) The Synonymic list of butterflies from the ex-USSR. Moscow: Rosagroservice Publ., 74 p.

Tuzov, V. K., Bogdanov, P. V., Devjatkin, A. L. et al. (1997) Guide to the butterflies of Russia and adjacent territories (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera). Vol. 1. Hesperiidae, Papilionidae, Pieridae, Satyridae. Sofia; Moscow: Pensoft Publ., 480 p.

Tschikolowez, V. V. (1991) Verzeichnis der Tagfalter Usbekistans (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera). Atalanta, vol. 22, no. 2–4, pp. 93–116.

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References

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Bernardi, G., Viette, P. E. L. (1966) Les types et typoïdes de Parnassius (s. l.) se trouvant au Muséum de Paris [Lep. Papilionidae]. Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France, vol. 71, no. 3–4, pp. 95–100. https://doi.org/10.3406/bsef.1966.20867 (In French)

Bryk, F. (1923) Baroniidae, Teinopalpidae, Parnassiidae. Lepidopterorum Catalogus. Pt 27. Berlin: W. Junk Publ., 247 p. (In German)

Bryk, F. (1932) Parnassius honrathi ssp. ernesti (ssp. nova). Parnassiana, vol. 2, no. 4–5, p. 65. (In German)

Bryk, F. (1935) Lepidoptera: Parnassiidae, pars II (Subfam. Parnassiinae). Berlin; Leipzig: Walter de Gruyter Publ., 790 p. (Das Tierreich [The animal kingdom]. Iss. 65). https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111430119 (In German)

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Collins, N. M., Morris, M. G. (1985) Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World. The IUCN Red Data Book. Gland: IUCN Publ., 401 p. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.45485 (In English)

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Oberthür, Ch. (1891) Lépidoptères du Genre Parnassius [Lepidoptera of the genus Parnassius]. Études d’Entomologie, vol. 14, pp. 1–19. (In French)

Ohya, A. (1989) Parnassius apollonius Eversmann et Parnassius honrathi Staudinger. In: Illustrations of selected insects in the world. Series A (Lepidoptera). Vol. 4. Tokyo: Mushi-Sha Publ., pp. 49–64. (In English)

Reining, W. F. (1932) Lepidopteren. Beiträge zur Faunistik des Pamir-Gebietes [Lepidoptera. Contributions to the faunistics of the Pamir region]. In: H. Ficker, W. Rickmers (eds.). Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Alai-Pamir Expedition 1928. Teil 3. Heft 1 [Scientific results of the Alai-Pamir Expedition 1928. Pt 3. Iss. 1]. Berlin: Reimer & Vohsen Publ., pp. 113–117. (In German)

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Rothschild, W. (1909) Catalogue of the collection of Parnassiinae in the Tring Museum with systematic notes. Novitates Zoologicae, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 1–20. (In English)

Rothschild, W. (1918) Catalogue of the Parnassiinae in the Tring Museum. Novitates Zoologicae, vol. 25, pp. 218–262. (In English)

Sakai, S. (1978) Butterflies from the Hindukush, Karakorum, Kashmir and Ladak, with descriptions of two new species and six subspecies. Atalanta, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 104–132. (In English)

Sakai, S. (1981) Butterflies of Afghanistan. Tokyo: Kodansha Publ., 272 p. (In Japanese)

Sakai, S., Aoki, T., Yamaguchi, S. et al. (2002) The parnassiology. The Parnassius butterflies, a study in evolution. Tokyo: Kodansha Publ., 469 p. (In Japanese)

Sheljuzhko, L. (1943) Lepidopterologische Ergebnisse der Pamir-Expedition des Kijever Zoologischen Museums im Jahre 1937. I. Reisebericht [Lepidopterological results of the Pamir expedition of the Kiev Zoological Museum in the year 1937. I. Travel report]. Mitteilungen der Münchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 58–74. (In German)

Sorimachi, Y. (1995) The Primer of Parnassius. Vol. 1. Saitama: [s. n.], 182 p. (In Japanese)

Staudinger, O. (1892) Neue Arten und Varietäten von Lepidopteren des paläarktischen Faunengebietes [New species and varieties of Lepidoptera of the Palearctic fauna region]. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift Iris, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 224–339. (In German)

Staudinger, O., Bang-Haas, A. (1882) Über einige neue Parnassius- und andere Tagfalter-Arten Central-Asiens [On some new Parnassius and other butterfly species of Central Asia]. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 161–177. (In German)

Staudinger, O., Rebel, H. (1901) Macrolepidoptera. 1. Th. Famil. Papilionidae — Hepialidae. Catalog der Lepidopteren des palaearctischen Faunengebietes [Macrolepidoptera. Pt 1. Families Papilionidae — Hepialidae. Catalog of Lepidoptera of the Palearctic fauna region]. Berlin: R. Friedländer & Sohn Publ., 411 p. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.120482 (In German)

Stichel, H. (1907a) Parnassius. In: A. Seitz (ed.). Die Großschmetterlinge der Erde. I. Abteilung: Die Großschmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes. Bd. 1. Die palaearktischen Tagfalter [The Macrolepidoptera of the World. Section I: The Macrolepidoptera of the Palearctic Region. Vol. 1. The Palearctic Butterflies]. Stuttgart: Alfred Kernen Publ., pp. 19–36. (In German)

Stichel, H. (1907b) Lepidoptera Rhopalocera. Fam. Papilionidae. Subfam. Parnassiinae. Bruxelles: M. P. Wytsman Publ., 60 p. (Genera Insectorum. Vol. 58). (In German)

Stichel, H. (1914) Parnassius honrathi Stgr. In: W. Niepelt (ed.). Lepidoptera Niepeltiana. Abbildungen aus Beschreibungen neuer und wenig bekaunter Lepidoptera aus der Sammlung W. Niepelt [Lepidoptera Niepeltiana. Illustrations from descriptions of new and little-known Lepidoptera from the collection of W. Niepelt]. Vol. 1. Leipzig: Urban & Co Publ., pp. 33–34. (In German)

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Tuzov, V. K. (1993) The Synonymic list of butterflies from the ex-USSR. Moscow: Rosagroservice Publ., 74 p. (In English)

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2026-10-16

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