Кора ильма лопастного Ulmus laciniata (Trautv.) в питании изюбря Cervus elaphus xanthopygos (Milne-Edwards)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33910/2686-9519-2022-14-2-345-357Ключевые слова:
поедание коры, ильм лопастной, Приморский край, Дальний Восток России, CervidaeАннотация
Обгладывание коры благородным оленем оказывает значительное влияние на состояние лесных экосистем по всему ареалу этого вида копытных. На всем протяжении своего ареала благородные олени употребляют в пищу кору более чем 20 видов деревьев, часто нанося значительный ущерб лесному хозяйству. На юге Дальнего Востока России изюбрь в осенне-весенний период питается корой ильмов Ulmus sp. Однако в научных работах, посвященных экологии изюбря, отсутствуют количественные оценки изъятия коры ильмов этим оленем. В нашей статье впервые приведены количественные данные по влиянию такого пищевого поведения оленей на древостой лесов Приморского края. Изюбрями в основном повреждается подрост и молодые деревья с диаметрами на высоте груди 0,5–7,4 см (m = 3,75 ± 0,069, n = 249) возрастом до 40 лет. Площадь повреждения коры подроста ильма лопастного составила 0,01–0,45 м2 (m = 0,11 ± 0,096 м2, n = 249). С крупных деревьев изюбри при этом съедали больше коры по площади в среднем при пересчете на одно дерево.
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