The results of long-term observation of waterfowl spring migration in Khingan Nature Reserve, Eastern Russia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33910/2686-9519-2024-16-1-261-279Keywords:
waterfowl, population trends, migration, sex ratio, ducks, longterm monitoringAbstract
The long-term monitoring (from 2008 to the present day) of waterfowl spring migration in Khingan State Nature Reserve and the Ramsar site ‘Khingan-Arkhara Lowland’ identified six goose, two swan, twenty-seven duck, five grebe and one loon species. The reported study is the first case of a long-term monitoring of the waterfowl spring migration in this territory. The spring population numbers of the majority of the species of Khingan State Nature Reserve have not shown any trends for the 15 years of observations despite the evidence for negative trends in Baer’s Pochard numbers and positive shifts in Common Pochard, Smew and Goosander for the last 50 years. The positive population trends are found only for Falcated Duck and Pintail (p = 0.02 for both). A non-significant one (p = 0.27) is also found for Garganey. The spring migration of the majority of waterfowl species starts at the beginning of April. The first spring migrants of the region are Mallards, Mandarin and Falcated Ducks. The migrating waterfowl is most abundant at the end of April and first half of May. The male-biased skew of the sex ratio is generally well known for ducks. However, at our study site the preponderance of males is moderate or even none. The most male-biased species with twofold or higher prevalence of males are Common Pochard and Mallard.
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