Distribution of Meloidogyne spp. (Nematoda: Meloidogynidae) in potato fields of Ganja-Gazakh economic region, Azerbaijan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33910/2686-9519-2023-15-3-559-564Keywords:
potato, nematode, soil, meloidogynosis, morphologyAbstract
Nematodes belonging to the genus Meloidogyne spp. infest potato causing substantial economic harm. A weakened root system and stunted growth caused by nematodes significantly reduce both yield and product quality. Within the Ganja-Gazakh economic region, Azerbaijan, approximately 25–50% of vegetable crops, particularly potato, become infected with nematodes from this genus each year leading to significant crop losses. As part of a phytopathological survey program implemented in the Ganja-Gazakh economic region, samples exhibiting characteristic signs of nematode infestation were systematically gathered from potato. Among 21 especially harmful species, four species (M. incognita, M. javanica, M. chitwoodi, M. arenaria) were found to be particularly detrimental to crop production and were identified in agrocenoses. M. incognita, specifically, showed the highest prevalence (81.8% and 80.0%) in the roots of potato seedlings, later extending to young tubers in the Tovuz and Gadabay regions. Conversely, M. arenaria exhibited the lowest prevalence (26.6% and 12.3%) in the Agstafa and Gadabay regions. Through morphological methods, the nematodes found in potato plants were for the first time identified in the Ganja-Gazakh economic region. Moreover, the distribution of nematodes in the reported areas and factors contributing to their spread were determined.
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